Hardness testing / hardness profile

Various methods are used to determine the material hardness for metallic and non-metallic materials.

For the methods mentioned, both individual tests can be carried out at various points on the material/ component surface as well as hardness profiles, e.g. on welded or soldered joints. 

Brinell hardness HB: A hard metal ball is pressed into the surface with a defined force and the indentation is measured. Suitable for soft to medium-hard metals such as unalloyed structural steel or aluminium and for materials with an uneven structure, such as cast iron.

Vickers hardness HV: A diamond pyramid is pressed into the surface with a defined force and the impression is measured. Suitable for testing homogeneous soft to very hard materials as well as thin-walled or surface-hardened workpieces and edge zones.

Rockwell hardness HR: Results from the penetration depth of a test body (conical diamond or steel ball) when a certain pre- and test force is applied. Very fast method suitable for soft to hard metals.

Leeb Hardness HL: Is a rebound hardness test and particularly suitable for testing large, heavy or already assembled components on site.

Specific hardness testing applications for elastomers and rubber-elastic polymers determine the Shore hardness A/D.